Model

WAN

LAN

EtherNet

IEEE 802.3

IEEE 802.3u

IEEE 802.3z

Token-Ring

FDDI

IEEE 802.5

WLAN

IEEE 802.11

TCP/IP

$$Domain \xrightleftarrows[DNS]{DNS} IP \xrightleftarrows[RARP]{ARP} MAC$$

IPV4

$$\text{IPV4}=\{x|0 \le x \le 2^{32}\}$$

$$\colorbox{cyan}{\textcolor{blue}{network address}} \space \colorbox{yellow}{\textcolor{green}{host address}}$$

type	IPV42	IPV410
Unspecified	0 0 0 0	0.0.0.0
Current Network	0 ?	0.?
Loopback Address	01111111 ? ? ?	127.?.?.?
Current Host	? 0	?.0
Broadcasting Address	Limited 11111111 11111111 11111111 11111111 Directed ?.11111111	Limited 255.255.255.255 Directed ?.255
A	0? ? ? ? CN LA CH BA	0~127.?.?.? CN LA CH BA
B	10? ? ? ? CN LA CH BA	128~191.0~255.?.? CN LA CH BA
C	110? ? ? ? CN LA CH BA	192~223.0~255.0~255.? CN LA CH BA
D
E

Subnet Mask