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数据结构

线性表​

L=(a1,a2,⋯ ,an)原子元素 可变长度≤L=(a_1,a_2,\cdots,a_n) \\ \text{原子元素} \space \text{可变长度}\le

顺序表​

LOC(an)=LOC(an−1)+1LOC(a_n)=LOC(a_{n-1})+1

单向链表​

Head→[Data][Next*,∧]Head \to [\text{Data}][\text{Next*},\wedge]

双向链表​

Head→[Prev*][Data][Next*,∧]Head \to [\text{Prev*}][\text{Data}][\text{Next*},\wedge]

循环链表​

Head→[Data][Next*,First*]Head \to [\text{Data}][\text{Next*},\text{First*}]

静态链表​

L(a1,a2,a3)  ⟺  A[a1a2a3]固定长度L(a_1,a_2,a_3) \iff A\begin{bmatrix} a_1 & a_2 & a_3\end{bmatrix} \\ \text{固定长度}

数组​

Am∗n=[a11⋯a1n⋮⋱⋮am1⋯amn]A_{m*n}=\begin{bmatrix}a_{11} & \cdots & a_{1n} \\ \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\ a_{m1} & \cdots & a_{mn}\end{bmatrix} 同构元素 固定长度\\\text{同构元素} \space \text{固定长度}

行主序​

a11⋯a1n⏟row1⋯ ⋯am1⋯amn⏟rowm\underbrace{\boxed{a_{11}}\cdots\boxed{a_{1n}}}_{\text{row}_1} \cdots \space \cdots \underbrace{\boxed{a_{m1}}\cdots\boxed{a_{mn}}}_{\text{row}_m}

列主序​

a11⋯am1⏟column1⋯ ⋯an1⋯amn⏟columnn\underbrace{\boxed{a_{11}}\cdots\boxed{a_{m1}}}_{\text{column}_1} \cdots \space \cdots \underbrace{\boxed{a_{n1}}\cdots\boxed{a_{mn}}}_{\text{column}_n}

串​

S=(c1,c2,⋯ ,cn)字符元素 可变长度S=(c_1,c_2,\cdots,c_n) \\ \text{字符元素} \space \text{可变长度}

顺序结构​

LOC(cn)=LOC(cn−1)+1LOC(c_n)=LOC(c_{n-1})+1

链式结构​

Head→[Data][Next*,∧]Head \to [\text{Data}][\text{Next*},\wedge] 字符元素 串元素\\ \text{字符元素} \space \text{串元素}

模式匹配​

朴素​

改进​

广义表​

LS=(a1,a2,⋯ ,an)原子元素 表元素 元素共享 可递归(自包含)LS=(a_1,a_2,\cdots,a_n) \\ \text{原子元素} \space \text{表元素} \space \text{元素共享} \space \text{可递归(自包含)}

链表节点存储​

表节点:[1][hp][tp]元素节点:[0][data]\text{表节点:[1][hp][tp]} \\ \text{元素节点:[0][data]}

栈​

LIFO\text{LIFO}

顺序栈​

LOC(an)=LOC(an−1)+1LOC(a_n)=LOC(a_{n-1})+1

链栈​

top→[Data][Next*,∧]top \to [\text{Data}][\text{Next*},\wedge]

队列​

FIFO\text{FIFO}

循环队列​

Fixed length:QsizeIn:Qrarenext=(Qrare+1)%QsizeOut:Qfrontnext=(Qfront+1)%Qsize\text{Fixed length:}Q_{size} \\ \text{In:}Q_{\stackrel{next}{rare}}=(Q_{rare}+1)\%Q_{size} \\ \text{Out:}Q_{\stackrel{next}{front}}=(Q_{front}+1)\%Q_{size}

链式结构​

特殊矩阵​

稀疏矩阵​

顺序结构​

三元组顺序表​

链式结构​

十字连表​

有向图​

无向图​

网​

树​

二叉树​

森林​